Review of Natural Hazard Risks for Wind Farms

Technological advancement in recent years has resulted larger and taller wind turbines (WTs) with enhanced power generation capacities. Application of natural hazard risk quantification for WTs helps stakeholders plan, design, install, operate farms safely profitably. This study focuses on a review the risks to from earthquakes, strong wind, hurricanes, tsunamis, lightning. The structural failure blades, towers, foundations response these hazards was investigated. Furthermore, research past few decades covering modes failures, such as foundation overturning, tower tilting, buckling, blade deformations, delamination It found that methodologies used by researchers include analytical, statistical, data-based models, well experimental research. shows that, while seismic, hurricane have been explored experimental, statistical models past, future could focus latest methods involving integration monitored data, physics-based models. Tsunami assessment methods, may benefit data-integrated transient nature risks.